Karl Marx Essay - 1509 Words

KARL MARX: A CRITICAL PROFILE 1. Contribution Like Charles Darwin (1809-82), his contemporary, Karl Marx (1818-83) has had a profound impact on modern thought. This German philosopher, social scientist, and professional revolutionary formulated a theory of social change that influenced most modern forms of socialism and communism. Marx pioneered conflict theory. Motivated by a belief in human emancipation, he tried to discover a way to free people from the social, political, and economic constraints that prevent them from reaching their full potential. Marx used to say: Philosophers explain only; critical theorists translated theory into practice. 2. Early life Marx grew up in Trier, Prussia, the son of Jewish lawyer who†¦show more content†¦Eventually, the government closed the paper. After getting married in 1843, he and his wife moved to Paris; when the revolution broke out, he co-edited a radical magazine. During this period he met Friedrich Engels (1820-95), the son of a textile manufacturer, who became his life-long friend, and the two formulated what we now call Marxism. After the revolution failed, Marx went into exile, settling in London, where in extreme poverty he lived for the rest of his life. During the period 1848-83, he earned his living writing newspaper articles. He never had a steady income--now and then Engels helped him out financially. In 1848, they published the Communist Manifesto, which proved to be one of the important events in human history. In 1864, he helped establish the International Working Mens Association, an organisation dedicated to improving the life of the working classes, and preparing for a socialist revolution. Over the years, many Russian and German radicals visited him, hoping to discuss the problem of establishing communist organisations. 3. Life work As mentioned, Marx set out (a) to understand the human condition in capitalist society as he experienced it, i.e., during the 1840s; (b) to lay bare the dynamics of that society, to lift the veil on its inner working and impact on human relations, and (c) to develop a theoretical framework that wouldShow MoreRelatedKarl Marx Essay922 Words   |  4 PagesKarl MarxKarl Marx was an influencell economist during the 1800s. Marx has his own economic theory, called Marxism. Marx, a radical Communist ideas and philosophies played important roles int the forming of Communist nations during the twentieth century. Marx’s ideas would and have influenced the course of history. Even today, well past his death his philosophies and ideas are still talked about. Marx’s ideas are captured in his book the Communist manifesto. Communism is â€Å"a theory or system ofRead MoreKarl Marx And Karl Polanyi1668 Words   |  7 PagesAdam Smith, Karl Marx and Karl Polanyi are writer of capitalism, that have influenced capitalism in different ways to making capitalism what it is today. Adam Smith known as the father of the political economy, developed the concept of the invisible hand; which explains how self-interest and competition in a free market economy, would allow economy prosperity. Another concept Smit developed is division of labour which say that jobs a business should be specialised, instead of one person having toRead MoreTheories of Karl Marx1427 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION Karl Marx, also a philosopher was popularly known for his theories that best explained society, its social structure, as well as the social relationships. Karl Marx placed so much emphasis on the economic structure and how it influenced the rest of the social structure from a materialistic point of view. Human societies progress through a dialectic of class struggle, this means that the three aspects that make up the dialectic come into play, which are the thesis, antithesis and theRead MoreEssay on Karl Marx827 Words   |  4 Pages The Life of Karl Marx Karl Marx was one of the greatest thinkers ever. Studying law and philosophy, he became an important social philosopher and revolutionary. He influenced the lives of millions of people in generations well past his. A man of mystery in the democratic societies, Karl Marx led an interesting life of new ideas that would influence millions in the future. Karl Marx was born on May 5th, 1818 (Karl Marx). He was the eldest son of Heinrich and Hennrietta Marx. He was bornRead MoreEssay on karl marx2434 Words   |  10 PagesKarl Marx is one of the most reputed philosophers of the 19th Century. Born in 1818 in a middle class family, Marx studied law in Bonn and Berlin and later plunged deeper into the ideas of Hegel and Feurbach (Wheen, 2007). It is after receiving his doctorate in philosophy in 1841 from the University of Jena that he moved with his family to Paris where he became a radical revolutionary communist and teamed up with Friedrich Engels, another radical philosopher of his time. They collectively authoredRead More Karl Marx Essay1742 Words   |  7 Pagesher particular contribution. There are many of sociologys founding figures that have extremely well-built ideas, practices and studies that I could explore, but one renowned philosopher stands out amongst the crowd, and that person is named Karl Marx (1818-1883). In this essay I aim to explore and critically assess his ideas, theories, and studies in his contribution to sociology, and if his ideas, theories and studies are useful to this contribution to sociology. Sociology began in theRead MoreKarl Marx and Marx Weber Essay1141 Words   |  5 PagesKarl Marx and Marx Weber The latter part of the nineteenth century was teeming with evolved social and economical ideas. These views of the social structure of industrial society came about through the development of ideals taken from past revolutions such as the Industrial Revolution which steamed ahead paving the way for growing commerce, and widened the gap between the classes. The developmentRead More The Life of Karl Marx1160 Words   |  5 PagesThe Life of Karl Marx Karl Marx was the co-author of The Communist Manifesto, along with Friedrich Engels. The Communist Manifesto is a pamphlet that was written to let the public know how the working class was being treated, and to try to get rid of the class system that existed at the time. Marx believed that many of the workers throughout England were not being treated fairly and that something needed to be done about it. Marx explains, â€Å"The history of all hitherto existing society is theRead MoreThe Contribution Of Karl Marx Essay1337 Words   |  6 Pagescontribution of Karl Marx to the study of sociology, throughout this essay I will be discussing what Marxism is, how Marxism has affected today’s society as well as academics that did not agree with Marx’s theories. Marxism is the social and economic system based on the theories of Karl Marx and Freidrich Engels. Karl Marx was born in Trier, Germany in 1818, Marx studied law and Berlin University but later changed to philosophy until finally perusing his interest in journalism. When Marx finished hisRead More Karl Marx Essay1110 Words   |  5 Pagesas a bad thing. Karl Marx would disagree. He formed the basic ideas of communism in his writings. He argued that communism was the eventual government that formed out of many unsuccessful governments. Many modern communists either use his ideas or use parts of his ideas to form their own. Karl Marx is the true father of communism. Marx was born in Trier, Prussia on May 5, 1818 (Beales). His family was Jewish, but his father converted the family to Protestantism when Marx was born. When he

Differentiating Between Market Structures - 1766 Words

Differentiating between Market Structures Jessika Canales Dà ­az ECO /365 08/28/2010 Instructor: SR. Carlos Mà ©ndez David Differentiating between Market Structures In this simulation, the learner studies the cost and revenue curves in different market structures perfect competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition, or oligopoly faced by a freight transportation company, and makes decisions to maximize profits or to minimize losses. The simulation also deals with the concept of Prisoner’s Dilemma and the price war scenario in a duopoly. Road, railroad, air transport, and water transport are crucial to a country needs. Food farm products, consumer’s goods, raw materials for industry coal for electric lumber for constructions,†¦show more content†¦Though the market demand curve is downward sloping, each seller perceives the individual demand curve facing them to be perfectly elastic at the given price. Given this demand curve and their cost structures, sellers try to produce an output at which they can maximize profits. Profit is maximized for each seller at the output where marginal revenue (MR) equals marginal cost (MC). This is the output at which the difference between total revenue and total cost is the maximum. In perfect competition, price equals marginal revenue for each seller. This is because the fixed price per unit is the revenue for each seller. This is because the fixed price per unit is the revenue that the seller can expect to earn by selling an additional unit of output. Thus, the profit-maximizing condition becomes PMR=MC. Given the Consumer Goods Division’s cost structures, you are incurring losses at every level of output you can produce. However, you are still able to recover your variable costs by continuing operations. If you were to stop production, you would incur losses equal to your fixed costs, which are higher than if you were to continue production. Therefore, it is better for you to continue operations. You will notice that the average variable cost (AVC) curv e lies below the price for most output levels, while the average total cost (ATC) curve lies above the price. This shows that at the market price, you are able to cover your variable costs, but not your fixed costs. IfShow MoreRelatedDifferentiating Between Market Structures And The Market Structure1239 Words   |  5 PagesDifferentiating Between Market Structures Arthur Levitt once wrote, â€Å"Our markets have not achieved their greatest successes as a result of government fiat, but rather through the efforts of competing interests working to meet the demands of investors and to fulfill the promises posed by advancing technology.(Arthur, Levitt. (2015)) The competitive nature of an industry is what drives our markets throughout the world. An industry consists of all firms making similar or identical products. McDonald’sRead MoreDifferentiating Between Market Structures1598 Words   |  7 PagesDifferentiating Between Market Structures Jennifer Lavallee ECO/365 May 27, 2013 Market structure is the physical characteristics of the market within which companies react. This means that there are different kinds of market structure based on how companies work together within a particular industry. Location and product have the most to do with determining the market structure. There are four defined market types. The first market structure is called the perfectly competitive market. TheRead MoreDifferentiating Between Market Structures1692 Words   |  7 PagesDifferentiating Between Market Structures Using the virtual organization of Kudler Fine Foods, evaluations will be made to determine market structure and competitiveness. Kudler Fine Foods current strategic plan for 2003, marketing overview, and market surveys will provide information to evaluate how Kudler competes in its market and where its strengths and weaknesses are located. Based on the evaluation of Kudler Fine Foods an applicable market structure will be determined and the structures effectsRead MoreDifferentiating Between Market Structures1924 Words   |  8 PagesDifferentiating Between Market Structures Alana Campbell, Dale Fortune, Katrina Beyah, Leonard Cooper University of Phoenix ECO/212 Principles of Economics Donnetta McAdoo December 5, 2011 Differentiating Between Market Structures To understand the economy of today one must understand the different market structures that make up the economy. There are four market structures that define the economic structure within the world’s economy; perfect competition, monopoly, monopolistic competitionRead MoreDifferentiating Between Market Structures1910 Words   |  8 PagesDifferentiating Between Market Structures Don Peterson ECO/365 February 2, 2015 Elena Zee Differentiating Between Market Structures A market structure in economics describes the state of a market with respect to its competition. There exist several different market structures like perfect competition, oligopoly, and monopolies among others. These markets all produce different types of goods or services, like public and private goods as well as common and collective goods. Firms operatingRead MoreDifferentiating Between Market Structures1134 Words   |  5 PagesDiffereantiating Between Market Structures Identify  the market structure in which this organization competes. Clearly indicate why the market structure was decided upon and how this market structure differentiates from the other alternatives.   MARKET STRUCTURE The interconnected characteristics of a market, such as the number and relative strength of buyers and sellers and degree of collusion among them, level and forms of competition, extent of product differentiation, and ease of entryRead MoreDifferentiating Between Market Structures Essay1077 Words   |  5 PagesDifferentiating between Market Structures The structure of a market is defined by the number of firms in the market, the existence or otherwise of barriers to entry of new firms, and the interdependence among firms in determining pricing and output to maximize profits. The author of this paper will cover: the advantages and limitation of supply and demand identified in the simulation, the effectiveness of the organization in which the author knows, and how the organizations in each market structureRead MoreDifferentiating Between Market Structures Essay1105 Words   |  5 PagesDifferentiating Between Market Structures ECO/365 Principles of Microeconomics August 30, 2012 Differentiating Between Market Structures Retail sales are indicators of microeconomic conditions presented in a given area at a particular place in time. Since Sam Walton opened his first Wal-Mart store, Wal-Mart has been making ripples throughout the micro economies of America. Wal-Mart’s market structure is typical of most of our nation’s largest corporations in that they are an oligopoly (BrownRead MoreDifferentiating Between Market Structures Essay1260 Words   |  6 PagesDifferentiating Between Market Structures Yvonne C Rivera ECO/365 May 16, 2013 Paul de la Pena Abstract There are many TV service providers available in the U.S; however there are only two companies that offer services via satellite. Dish operates within the monopolistic competition market. Dish has been in business since the early 1980’s and has gradually worked its way up to become one of the leading satellite provider and innovator of new technology. In 2013 they offer service to overRead MoreDifferentiating Between Market Structures in Kudler1022 Words   |  5 PagesDifferentiating Between Market Structures in Kudler ECO365 â€Å"Kudler Fine Foods was established in 1998 when Kathy Kudler fulfilled her vision of establishing her own gourmet food store. The La Jolla store continues to grow while the Del Mar store has been having some difficulties. The store in Encinitas has just opened, but sales seem brisk.† (Apollo, 2011, Strategic Plan, p. 3) The owner works 7 days a week and performs many jobs from purchasing to stocking shelves. Kudler Fine Foods sees

Equality, Diversity and Inclusion. - 1136 Words

Explain what is meant by: a) Diversity- Diversity is about valuing individual difference. So diversity is much more than just a new word for equality. A diversity approach aims to recognise, value and manage difference to enable all employees to contribute and realise their full potential. Diversity challenges us to recognise and value all sorts of differences in order to make our environment a better place for everyone to work b) Equality- Equality is about making sure people are treated fairly and given fair chances. Equality is not about treating everyone in the same way, but it recognises that their needs are met in different ways. Equality focuses on those areas covered by the law, namely the key areas of race, gender,†¦show more content†¦I would then wipe the knee with a wet tissue, record the accident on a accident form, inform the parent of the child about the accident, get them to sign the form and then keep it in the accident folder. Incidents If an incident was to happen in the setting, it would be reported to a senior member of staff. The staff would then deal with the incident. It would be recorded on an incident form which would be signed by a witness and by a parent. The incident form is then kept in an incident folder which is kept safely and is easily accessible to the staff members. Emergency In the case of an emergency occurring in the setting the following procedure would take place: E.g Fire drill (Real or practice) * Upon hearing the fire drill, children and staff leave what they are doing, quietly and sensibly make their way the nearest fire exit. * A member of staff takes the register, usually a senior. The rest of the staff usher the children out to the fire assembly point. * A head count of the children is done as children exit the building * When children line up at the fire assembly point a head count is taken and the register is completed. * If there is no real fire, the staff can take the children back to the setting when an all clear is given by the head teacher. * The children are recounted when they return to the setting. In the event of a real fire, the staff and children would remain at the fireShow MoreRelatedEquality Diversity Inclusion1538 Words   |  7 Pages1.1 Explain what is meant by. Equality Equality is treating people fairly and making sure that everyone is given a fair chance and that their individual needs are met. It’s about giving all sections of the community equal access to employment, education and other services that are provided whilst valuing and respecting them. Recognising that different sections of the community require specific measures to make sure they receive equality. Recognising how and why some groups are underrepresentedRead MoreEquality Diversity and Inclusion1616 Words   |  7 PagesDonna Pitt Unit 204 – Equality, diversity and inclusion in work with children and young people Assignment 2 In my opinion living in a diverse society, along with understanding and knowledge is a positive route to acceptance on a variety of levels. When looking at my own life values and experiences I feel that as a person I don’t have prejudices and discrimination, however dependant on circumstances and peers I may on occasion say something deemed to be a prejudice. However the audience I haveRead MoreChampion equality, diversity and inclusion1712 Words   |  7 PagesChampion equality, diversity and inclusion          1.1 Explain the models of practice that underpin equality, diversity and inclusion in own area of responsibility. Equality is to treat all as individuals; to respect race, disability, age, gender, religion, beliefs ,culture and sexual orientation. For all to be open to opportunities, to be treated fairly and respectfully, have rights and equal status in society and for all to reach their full potential. Diversity is to value that we are all uniqueRead More2.4. Diversity, Equality and Inclusion3667 Words   |  15 Pagesï » ¿TDA Unit 204 Equality, diversity inclusion in work with children young people [1.1].In your setting, there is a range of policies which formally sets out guidelines and procedures for ensuring equality. The policies must take into account the rights of all individuals and groups within the school as well as considering the ways policies work to ensure equality, inclusion. Policies also pay regards to the values and practice, which are part of all aspect of school life.   United Nation’sRead MoreDescribe Diversity, Equality, Inclusion and Participation857 Words   |  4 Pages Diversity Diversity refers to our differences such as culture, beliefs, values, views and life experiences. The concept of diversity is to accept, respect and embrace our differences. When people with these differences unite and share the same group or organization we see a diverse environment. Working in a childcare setting, we have the potential to work with an abundance of diversity. This can be very rewarding but can also pose challenges. Positively, we have the opportunity to promoteRead MoreEquality, Diversity and Inclusion in Work with Children1275 Words   |  6 PagesUnit 204 Outcome 3 What is meant by Inclusive and Inclusion Practice? Inclusive practice is identifying and understanding any barriers that are stopping children from completing the activity. We have to make sure that whatever the child’s background they are able to fully join in with everything within the school. This will make the children feel valued and have a sense of belonging. Inclusion does not mean that we view each other the same or provide the same work, it is about making sure weRead MoreDiversity, Inclusion, And Equality Within The World1514 Words   |  7 Pagesproblems with diversity, inclusion, and equality within their ranks. The hyper-masculine culture that has been at the core of many military values has facilitated a perspective that excludes certain populations. Women of all backgrounds as well as gay men have struggled through the years for their right to service. This essay serves to explore the struggles as well as progress the Australian Defense Force has facilitated with its LGBTQ officers, and to analyze the current state of equality and inclusionRead MoreEssay on Champion Equality Diversity and Inclusion3510 Words   |  15 Pagesï » ¿HARROW COLLEGE HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE QCF: Level 5 Diploma in Leadership for Health and Social Care and Children and Young People’s Services (England Unit CU 2943 Champion Equality, Diversity and Inclusion YOUR ANSWERS MUST BE YOUR OWN WORK. If you wish to introduce other sources of information, this must be referenced This workbook meets the following assessment criteria for the unit : Assessment criteria Achieved Date 1.1 √ 23/10/13 1.3 √ 23/10/13 3.1 √ Read MoreEssay on : Promote Equality, Diversity and Inclusion1752 Words   |  8 PagesTDA 3.6: Promote equality, diversity and inclusion in work with children and young people 1. Be able to promote equality and diversity in work with young people. 1.1 Identify the current legislation and code of practice relevant to the promotion of equality and valuing of diversity. SEN code of practice 2001 This act was created to strengthen the rights of SEN children and their parents to a mainstream education. The act was designed to make a difference to the education of SEN childrenRead MoreThe Importance of Promoting Equality, Diversity and Inclusion in Schools1032 Words   |  5 Pagesfollow assessment will have a brief description of the importance of inclusion and inclusive practices in work with children and young people. And it also contains an exploration of how our own attitudes, values and behaviour may lead to that inclusive practice, how to challenge discrimination and how to promote some important anti-discriminatory and inclusive practices. First of all is important to define what is meant by inclusion and inclusive practice. Inclusive practice is a process of identifying

Description Of The Proposed project Of HIA †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Description Of The Proposed project Of HIA. Answer: Introduction The HIA project will provide a description of the proposed project. It will identify the significant health impacts of the proposed project by comparing the existing situation with the situation before the development is being carried out. It will also give an idea about the stakeholders that will be involved in the process, the decision making planning along with possible sets of recommendations. The report also provides the checklists used for the screening followed by evaluation of the procedures. Project Description Tobacco consumption is the most leading cause of death and diseases in Australia, hence reducing the consumption of tobacco and exposure to second hand smoke is a sole priority for the government (Lecours et al. 2012). In account to this, the standing commitee of the Australian government has proposed the National tobacco strategy 2012- 2018, to reduce any tobacco related harm in the environment (Nationaldrugstrategy.gov.au, 2018). This project mainly focuses on raising awareness among the people regarding the ill effects of tobacco consumption, establishment of the measures or limiting the interactions with the tobacco industry and ensuring the transparency of very interactions with the government, avoidance of any conflict of interests among the government officials and the employees. This HIA project will assess the credibility of the measures taken up in this strategy. Preliminary plan for the methods and procedures The plan for the scoping of an HIA can be stated as follows: Determining the appropriate level of the HIA to be conducted. Establishing the HIA team Identifying the impacts of the activity and the health related outcomes. Creating an HIA work plan Screening A justification for the level of HIA to be conducted The different levels of the HIA that would be conducted are the Intermediate HIA that will be able to review the evidences available regarding any other HIA related to this topic. It will involve the involvement of the different stakeholders and the time frame would be about 3-6 months. The scoping report will assess the strategies that have been taken up for reducing the tobacco consumption. The scoping will confirm all the taken strategies, identify and confirm the preferred activities and the alternative technologies. The HIA assessment will be able to identify the key issues identified in the impact assessment phase. The HIA assessment will be able to assess the whether the involvement of the mass media are actually being able to provide messages to the youths vulnerable to smoking. Stakeholders involved The stakeholders would be the any proponent or competent authority, the HIA administering body. The HIA administering body will be able to oversee and establish the procedural requirement for the scoping. Other stakeholders involve the HIA practitioners and the experts who may directly work for the agencies that are involved or as consultants. Other important stakeholders would be the public, who are affected by the proposal. By involving the masses, scoping assists in building the confidence in the HIA process. Preliminary plan for the decision making and recommendation Decision making Crosschecking the policy strategies with the probable feed backs of the public and the outcomes Tallying the outcomes with the baseline data Identifying the crucial portion of the policies that have actually not been addressed but was mentioned officially To recommend the possible measures to fill up the gap left in the National tobacco strategy. Some of the important factors have to be considered while making the decision making process. It is necessary to access the prevalence of the secondary school smokers with the previous years data. Furthermore it is necessary to keep an overview of the smoking prevalence in the states and the territories and the changes in the daily smoking status of the Australians. Recommendations According to the reports the Australian smoking rates had fallen to a considerable level both in the aboriginal population of Australia and the non-indigenous population during the period 1995 to 2014-15 (Abs.gov.au, 2018). In spite of the National Tobacco strategy, the estimated annual decrease has not significantly changed for the last few years. Furthermore the smoking rates among the teenagers have also increased (Banks et al. 2015). In order to bring about a considerable change in the smoking rates, emphasis should be put certain steps:- Imposing strict penalties of purchasing or selling of the cigarettes below the age of 18. Strict vigilance on the college campuses and high school. More media involvement of media in creating the awareness among the public (Bero 2003). Ban on tobacco advertising (World Health Organization, 2013) High amount of tobacco taxes (Chaloupka et al. 2012) Creating more awareness campaigns regarding the ill effects of tobacco. Preliminary plan for the evaluation, monitoring and follow up steps of the HIA-200 A scoping process that is custom tailored will include a profile of the community or the environment that is likely to be affected. The following things have to be addressed:- The geographical area and the time frame The institutional framework or the policy under which the HIA will be conducted Allocation of the resources and the responsibilities. Existing sources of information, constraints on the methodology. Modification of the design and the selection of the alternatives. Description of the screening tools used Screening of HIA involved the following steps:- Forming a core planning team Identifying the organizational capacity and context Reviewing the health determinants and the health impacts. The screening checklist may be used for assessing the HIA proposal. Health determinant Negative impacts Positive impacts Affected population Individual health behaviors Community factors Livelihood factors The following questions can be evaluated after the screening has been completed:- Has the National tobacco strategy been useful in reducing the public consumption of the tobacco? Could the strategy reduce the amount of exposure to the tobacco smoking? Has the policy helped some of the smokers to quit? Could the policy induce smoke place workplaces and other public places? Conclusion The National Tobacco strategy has been successful to some extent as the rates of tobacco consumption have decreased over the years. Yet there are many gaps left to be filled. It is necessary to decrease the prevalence of the smoking rates among the high school students and the Torrent Strait Islanders. In order to adopt more stringent governmental laws against the tobacco purchase and trade. The HIA assessment further helps to understand that there should be more awareness campaign supported by the media to educate the vulnerable group about the ill effects of Tobacco. References Abs.gov.au. (2018).4737.0 - Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples: Smoking Trends, Australia, 1994 to 2014-15. [online] Available at: https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/by%20Subject/4737.0~1994%20to%202014-15~Main%20Features~Smoking%20Prevalence~10 [Accessed 3 Feb. 2018]. Banks, E., Joshy, G., Weber, M.F., Liu, B., Grenfell, R., Egger, S., Paige, E., Lopez, A.D., Sitas, F. and Beral, V., 2015. Tobacco smoking and all-cause mortality in a large Australian cohort study: findings from a mature epidemic with current low smoking prevalence.BMC medicine,13(1), p.38. Bero, L., 2003. Implications of the tobacco industry documents for public health and policy.Annual review of public health,24(1), pp.267-288. Chaloupka, F.J., Yurekli, A. and Fong, G.T., 2012. Tobacco taxes as a tobacco control strategy.Tobacco control,21(2), pp.172-180. Hemphill, S.A., Heerde, J.A., Herrenkohl, T.I., Toumbourou, J.W. and Catalano, R.F., 2012. The impact of school suspension on student tobacco use: a longitudinal study in Victoria, Australia, and Washington State, United States.Health Education Behavior,39(1), pp.45-56. Lecours, N., Almeida, G.E., Abdallah, J.M. and Novotny, T.E., 2012. Environmental health impacts of tobacco farming: a review of the literature.Tobacco control,21(2), pp.191-196. Nationaldrugstrategy.gov.au. (2018).National Drug Strategy - National Tobacco Strategy 2012-2018. [online] Available at: https://www.nationaldrugstrategy.gov.au/internet/drugstrategy/publishing.nsf/Content/national_ts_2012_2018_html [Accessed 3 Feb. 2018]. World Health Organization, 2013.WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2013: enforcing bans on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship. World Health Organization.